• scrot, gnome-screenshot, …: For taking the screenshot
• xclip: To copy the URL to the clipboard
• notify-send: To display desktop notifications

1. Edit the configuration to point to the server you want to upload to
2. Set up keyboard shortcuts in your desktop environment
3. You're done

#!/usr/bin/bash
#
# Script to take a screenshot and scp it to a directory on a host.
# The file name is the current UNIX time in hex.
# After the screenshot has been uploaded, a desktop notification will be
# displayed and the URL will be copied to the clipboard.
#
# The command line arguments are passed to the screenshot tool. 
#

# Options
local_temp_directory=/tmp
ssh_host=your-server.com
target_directory="~/screenshots"
url_base="http://your-server.com/screenshots"
screenshot_tool=gnome-screenshot

# Get the file name and take the screenshot
name=$(printf "%x\n" $(date +%s)).png
$screenshot_tool $@ -f $local_temp_directory/$name

# Upload it
scp $local_temp_directory/$name $ssh_host:$target_directory

# Did we succeed?
if [[ $? -eq 0 ]]; then # We did
	echo -n $url_base/$name | xclip -selection clipboard -i
	notify-send "Screenshot taken" "$url_base/$name" \
		--urgency=low \
		--hint=int:transient:1
else
	notify-send "Screenshot upload failed." \
		--hint=int:transient:1
fi

# Delete the temporary file
rm $local_temp_directory/$name